Biology

Objectives
The objective of the Biology Department is to prepare students for scientific careers that require a strong knowledge of basic life processes. Our majors graduate with a broad taxonomic familiarity with living organisms and the skills needed to study them from the molecular to the community levels.

The Biology Department's emphasis on investigative, data-intensive labs and thesis research ensures that our students develop a strong sense of science as a process and as a way of looking at the world. Their broad training enables them to be competitive in a rapidly changing scientific community. Our program offers numerous laboratory experiences, plus a strong foundation in chemistry and physics, thus giving our graduates an additional advantage when they compete for technical jobs or post-graduate studies.

Special Opportunities

Off-Campus Experiences
A wide range of possibilities exist for biology majors to earn credit by participating in internships off campus. Recent activities include:

Behavioral studies of monkeys at a primate center in New York
Working with dolphins at a marine sciences facility in Florida
Molecular biology research at the University of Hawaii
Conducting cancer research at Penn State-Hershey Medical Center
Toxicological analysis at an environmental laboratory in Maryland
Working as a naturalist at a local park developing a field manual
A one-semester experience doing field research and ecological studies in Kenya, Africa
A summer project working with the Department of Environmental Protection studying the blackfly suppression program in Northern Pennsylvania
Working in a forensics lab in Hagerstown, MD
Assisting at a rehabilitation center for marine turtles in North Carolina
Working with marine animals at the National Aquarium in Baltimore
Working with the animals at Rosamond Gifford Zoo at Burnett Park in Syracuse, NY
Working at the National Institute of Standards and Technology in Gaithersburg, MD
Premedical research opportunities at York Hospital (see Premedical Studies brochure)
Completing an NSF-funded summer internship at the University of Rhode Island Graduate School of Oceanography

Independent Study
All Biology majors are encouraged to do an independent study which involves designing and conducting an original research project while working closely with a Biology faculty member. Exceptional projects frequently lead to the preparation of a manuscript, which students present at state or national scientific meetings. Some students have co-authored papers with their professors and published them in scientific journals. Examples of papers recently presented at scientific meetings include:

Ciacco, Samantha and Ronald C. Kaltreider. 2005. Identification of a Possible Chimera in a Small Sample of 20 Individuals from York College. J. PA Acad. Sci. 78: 107.

Dilaha, Adam and Bruce Smith. 2007. Identification of Ovule and Embryo Sac Developmental Stages using Coinciding Bud Length in Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh Columbia Ecotype. J. PA Acad. Sci. 80.96.

Filippeli, Gina and Carolyn Mathur. 2004. Presence of Iron Reducing Bacteria from the Saprolite Core of the Luguillo Experimental Forest in Puerto Rico. Presented at the annual meeting of the Allegheny Branch of the American Society for Microbiology on November 5-6, 2004 at Juniata College.

Gough, Les and Bruce Smith. 2005. Quantification of Seleted Stages of Megasporogenesis and Megagametogenesis in Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh Columbia Ecotype, J.PA Acad. Sci. 78:113.

Gouirand, Christina and Bruce Smith. 2004. A study of Early Ovule Development of Impatiens pallida Nutt. Using the Herr Clearing Technique. PA. Acad. Sci. Vol. 76, Abstract and Index Issue.

Henry, Kristen and Marilyn Daly. 2007. Evaluation of a Selection of Lachenalia, a South African Geophyte, as Winter-Blooming Houseplants for the Northern Hemisphere. J. PA Acad. Sci. 80.94.

Hughes, Alan and Bruce Smith. 2007. Determining the Relationship between the Stamen and Pistil Length Relative to Megasporangial Stages of Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh Columbia Ecotype. J. PA Acad. Sci. 80.95.

Jones, Bruce A. and Ronald C. Kaltreider. 2005. Alternate Day Feeding does not Increase Plasma Antioxidant. J.PA Acad. Sci. 78.116.

Luckenbaugh, Matthew S. and Carolyn F. Mathur. 2007. Microbial-Community Functional Response to the Effluent from a Wastewater Treatment Facility in York County, PA. J. PA Acad. Sci. 80.126.

Marachal, Vincent and Bruce Smith. 2004. Pennsylvania's Compensatory Wetland Mitigation: An Analysis of Selected Sites in York County. PA Acad. Sci. Vol. 77, Abstract and Index Issue.

May, Brandon and Bruce Smith. 2004. Can Association Patterns between Unrelated Stimuli be Instilled in the Plant Pisum stativum. L. PA Acad. Sci. Vol. 77. Abstract and Index Issue.

Pope, Christopher R. and Jeffrey P. Thompson. 2007. Evidence Supporting a Glycosylated Model of Human Interleukin-13 Receptor Alpha 2. J. PA Acad. Sci. 80.79.

Ream, Tiffani R., Kathleen Halligan and Ron Kaltreider. 2007. Sulfanilamide Derivatives Effectiveness on Growth Inhibition in E. coli and S. aureus. J. PA Acad. Sci. 80.68.

Renfro, Katie Jo and Jessica Nolan. 2007. Feeding Preferences of Acartia tonsa Found off the Coast of Chincoteague Island, Virginia. J. PA Acad. Sci. 80.130.

Shaw, Ryan C. and Carolyn F. Mathur. 2005. Resistance of Salmonella in Frozen Chicken Nuggets to Microwave Cooking. J.PA. Acad. Sci. 78: 133.

Shultz, Matthew and Carolyn Mathur. 2005. Microbial DNA Extraction and Biomass Analysis of Saprolitic Soil from the Luquillo Experimental Forest in Puerto Rico. Presented with the first place award at the 2005 Environmental Chemistry Student Symposium at the Pennsylvania State University April 1-2, 2005.

Thorpe, Jessica and Ronald C. Kaltreider. 2005. Inhibition of the Human Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase (HTERT) subunit of Telomerse by siRNA, J.PA Acad. Sci. 78:135.

Trager, Jonathan and Jeffrey P. Thompson. 2005. The Mechanism of Suppression of Tumorigenicity in B16F10 Mouse Melanoma Cells by the Steroid Saponin Holothurin A, J.PA Acad. Sci. 78:135.

Special Facilities
The Biology Department laboratories are well equipped and reflect our emphasis on providing contemporary and diverse laboratory experiences for our majors. We have a large greenhouse and use our rural setting as a rich resource for field studies and research. Research opportunities and summer courses in Marine Biology are available at the field station in Wallops Island, Virginia, through our membership in the Marine Science Consortium.

Courses Offered

Non-Majors

BIO100-Introduction to Allied-Health
BIO106-Introduction to Body Structure and Function
BIO110-General Biology
BIO112-Fundamentals of Human Biology
BIO120-Field Natural History
BIO124-Introduction to Oceanography
BIO206-Freshwater Ecology
BIO208-Biology of Animals
BIO210-Introduction to Marine Biology
BIO212-Environmental Biology
BIO216-Microbes: Unseen Life on Earth
BIO220-Human Anatomy & Physiology I
BIO222-Human Anatomy & Physiology II
BIO230-Microbiology
BIO232-Plant Taxonomy and Seasonal Flora

Majors

BIO150-Biology I
BIO152-Biology II
BIO200-Introduction to Scientific Research
BIO240-Genetics
BIO300-Ecology
BIO302-Zoology
BIO304-Botany
BIO306-Animal Behavior
BIO308-Animal Physiology
BIO310-Plant Morphology/Embryology
BIO312-Plant Systematics
BIO324-Marine Ecology of the Chesapeake Bay
BIO330-Biology of Micro-organisms
BIO350-Biochemistry
BIO354-Immunology
BIO356-Reproduction and Development
BIO358-Cell and Molecular Biology
BIO370-Evolutionary Biology
BIO400-Senior Thesis
BIO402-Practical Biological Internship
BIO406-Independent Study
BIO408-Independent Study

Independent Study Opportunities

Pre-professional Experiences
Qualified students interested in the health fields, such as medicine, have opportunities to participate in clinical or medical experiences at York Hospital, which is located close to the College. Working at the hospital, students may elect to take various Premedical Studies courses, including Advanced Human Anatomy, Clinical Shadowing Rotations, or Emergency Department Research. A separate brochure describing the pre-medical studies at York College of Pennsylvania is available.

Laboratory Assistants
Biology majors have the opportunity to work as paid lab assistants in the College labs. The students work closely with a faculty member and gain valuable hands-on experience learning a variety of biological procedures. Past students consider this a very worthwhile experience.

Biology Faculty
Deborah D. Ricker, Ph.D., Johns Hopkins University. Dr. Ricker is the chairperson of the department. She teaches General Biology, Biology I, Introduction to Scientific Research, Reproduction and Developmental Biology, and Senior Thesis. She studies reproductive biology, with an emphasis on male fertility and embryo development.

Dr. Wendy Boehmler, Ph.D., Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine. Dr. Boehmler teaches Biology I and Senior Thesis. She is interested in using zebrafish as a genetic model to provide insight into dopamine neurotransmission and related neurological disorders such as schizophrenia and Parkinson's disease.

Marilyn L. Daly, M.Ed., University of Southern Mississippi. Professor Daly teaches Human Anatomy and Physiology. Her research area is ornamental horticulture, and she has studied and lectured at Longwood Gardens. She has written articles for Better Homes and Gardens magazine and recently conducted horticultural research in South Africa.

Ronald C. Kaltreider, Ph.D., Dartmouth College. Dr. Kaltreider teaches Biology I, Introduction to Scientific Research, Genetics, Cell and Molecular Biology, and Senior Thesis. His interests are in diabetes and cancer research with a particular focus on elucidating the molecular mechanism by which agents may potentiate or inhibit the carcinogenic process.

Karl Kleiner, Ph.D., Pennsylvania State University. Dr. Kleiner teaches Ecology, Environmental Biology, Evolutionary Biology, Field Natural History, and Senior Thesis.. His research interests include plant-insect interactions, plant physiology, and forest ecology. Most recently, he has begun to investigate the migratory patterns of the Northern Saw Whet owl using comparative mitochondrial DNA analysis.

Carolyn F. Mathur, Ph.D., Auburn University. Dr. Mathur teaches Microbiology, Biology of Microorganisms, Immunology, and Senior Thesis. In 2003 she received a Summer Research Fellowship from the American Chemical Society/American Petroleum Institute to conduct geomicro-biological research on the availability of organic reserves in rocks to microbial degradation. She is collaborating with researchers at Penn State to continue this research.

Jessica K. Nolan, Ph.D., Scripps Institution of Oceanography. Dr. Nolan teaches Introduction to Oceanography, Marine Biology, Freshwater Ecology, Marine Ecology of the Chesapeake Bay and Senior Thesis. Her research areas include the role of phytoplankton in the oceanic carbon cycle, genetic and ecological diversity of picoeukaryotes in the coastal ocean, and the evolution of plankton lineages.

Bradley G. Rehnberg, Ph.D., Oregon State University. Dr. Rehnberg teaches Fundamentals of Human Biology, Biology of Animals, Animal Physiology, Animal Behavior, Introduction to Scientific Research, Zoology, and Senior Thesis. His research areas include sensory physiology and behavioral thermoregulation.

Bruce B. Smith, Ph.D., University of South Carolina. Dr. Smith teaches Biology II, Botany, Plant Taxonomy and Seasonal Flora, Plant Morphology/Embryology, and Senior Thesis. His research area is plant embryology, and he also studies wetlands ecology.

Jeffrey Thompson, Ph.D., Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine. Dr. Thompson teaches General Biology, Biology I, Biochemistry, and Senior Thesis. His cancer therapy research is based on developing targeted delivery of cytotoxic compounds that "seek and destroy" cancer cells.

Lab Coordinators
Anthony Botyrius, M.S., Cornell University. Mr. Botyrius teaches Biology I, and Field Natural History. He also supervises secondary education biology student-teacher candidates. His research interest is plant ecology and development of innovative Biology laboratories.

Elizabeth Hodgson, M.S., Clemson University. Ms. Hodgson teaches General Biology and Human Anatomy and Physiology. She serves as coordinator of the Nuclear Medicine Program.

Barbara Taylor, M.S., Towson State University. Mrs. Taylor teaches Microbes: Unseen Life on Earth, and lab sections in Microbiology.

Lab Instructional Support Asst. Sally Hoh, B.S., Gettysburg College. Ms. Hoh is responsible for the logistical and technical support of the teaching and research activities of the department. She serves as the Chemical Hygiene Officer and Chair of the Campus Safety Committee. She is also supervisor and coordinator of Biology student laboratory assistants.

Alumni Record
Examples of graduate or professional schools that our students have attended include:

Auburn University
Boston University School of Medicine
Dartmouth College
George Washington University
Georgetown University
Hood College
Johns Hopkins University
Ohio State University
Penn State University
Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine
Tufts University
University of Maryland
University of Michigan
University of Oklahoma
University of Pennsylvania
University of Pittsburgh
University of South Carolina
University of Texas at Austin
West Virginia College of Osteopathic Medicine

Some companies who have employed recent graduates:

Becton-Dickinson Labs
Bio Whittaker
Bristol-Myers Squibb
Cambrex
Chesapeake Biological Laboratories
Dentsply
Energy Plus Group, Inc.
Federal Bureau of Investigation
General Physics Corporation
Glaxo
Hercon Laboratories
International Medical News Group
Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine
Kelly Scientific Resources
Lancaster Labs
Maryland Environmental Service
McCormick Spice
National Institutes of Health
Novartis Pharmaceuticals
Ortho-McNeill Pharmaceutical Inc.
PA Department of Natural Resources
PA Department of Environmental Protection
Penn State/Hershey Medical Center
Sanofi-Pasteur
Southern Research Institute
Springer Publishing (Medical Division)
SSI Surgical Services

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	Biology Objectives The objective of the Biology Department is to prepare students for scientific careers that require a strong knowledge of basic life processes. Our majors graduate with a broad taxonomic familiarity with living organisms and the skills needed to study them from the molecular to the community levels. The Biology Department's emphasis on investigative, data-intensive labs and thesis research ensures that our students develop a strong sense of science as a process and as a way of looking at the world. Their broad training enables them to be competitive in a rapidly changing scientific community. Our program offers numerous laboratory experiences, plus a strong foundation in chemistry and physics, thus giving our graduates an additional advantage when they compete for technical jobs or post-graduate studies. Special Opportunities Off-Campus Experiences A wide range of possibilities exist for biology majors to earn credit by participating in internships off campus. Recent activities include: Behavioral studies of monkeys at a primate center in New York Working with dolphins at a marine sciences facility in Florida Molecular biology research at the University of Hawaii Conducting cancer research at Penn State-Hershey Medical Center Toxicological analysis at an environmental laboratory in Maryland Working as a naturalist at a local park developing a field manual A one-semester experience doing field research and ecological studies in Kenya, Africa A summer project working with the Department of Environmental Protection studying the blackfly suppression program in Northern Pennsylvania Working in a forensics lab in Hagerstown, MD Assisting at a rehabilitation center for marine turtles in North Carolina Working with marine animals at the National Aquarium in Baltimore Working with the animals at Rosamond Gifford Zoo at Burnett Park in Syracuse, NY Working at the National Institute of Standards and Technology in Gaithersburg, MD Premedical research opportunities at York Hospital (see Premedical Studies brochure) Completing an NSF-funded summer internship at the University of Rhode Island Graduate School of Oceanography Independent Study All Biology majors are encouraged to do an independent study which involves designing and conducting an original research project while working closely with a Biology faculty member. Exceptional projects frequently lead to the preparation of a manuscript, which students present at state or national scientific meetings. Some students have co-authored papers with their professors and published them in scientific journals. Examples of papers recently presented at scientific meetings include: Ciacco, Samantha and Ronald C. Kaltreider. 2005. Identification of a Possible Chimera in a Small Sample of 20 Individuals from York College. J. PA Acad. Sci. 78: 107. Dilaha, Adam and Bruce Smith. 2007. Identification of Ovule and Embryo Sac Developmental Stages using Coinciding Bud Length in Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh Columbia Ecotype. J. PA Acad. Sci. 80.96. Filippeli, Gina and Carolyn Mathur. 2004. Presence of Iron Reducing Bacteria from the Saprolite Core of the Luguillo Experimental Forest in Puerto Rico. Presented at the annual meeting of the Allegheny Branch of the American Society for Microbiology on November 5-6, 2004 at Juniata College. Gough, Les and Bruce Smith. 2005. Quantification of Seleted Stages of Megasporogenesis and Megagametogenesis in Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh Columbia Ecotype, J.PA Acad. Sci. 78:113. Gouirand, Christina and Bruce Smith. 2004. A study of Early Ovule Development of Impatiens pallida Nutt. Using the Herr Clearing Technique. PA. Acad. Sci. Vol. 76, Abstract and Index Issue. Henry, Kristen and Marilyn Daly. 2007. Evaluation of a Selection of Lachenalia, a South African Geophyte, as Winter-Blooming Houseplants for the Northern Hemisphere. J. PA Acad. Sci. 80.94. Hughes, Alan and Bruce Smith. 2007. Determining the Relationship between the Stamen and Pistil Length Relative to Megasporangial Stages of Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh Columbia Ecotype. J. PA Acad. Sci. 80.95. Jones, Bruce A. and Ronald C. Kaltreider. 2005. Alternate Day Feeding does not Increase Plasma Antioxidant. J.PA Acad. Sci. 78.116. Luckenbaugh, Matthew S. and Carolyn F. Mathur. 2007. Microbial-Community Functional Response to the Effluent from a Wastewater Treatment Facility in York County, PA. J. PA Acad. Sci. 80.126. Marachal, Vincent and Bruce Smith. 2004. Pennsylvania's Compensatory Wetland Mitigation: An Analysis of Selected Sites in York County. PA Acad. Sci. Vol. 77, Abstract and Index Issue. May, Brandon and Bruce Smith. 2004. Can Association Patterns between Unrelated Stimuli be Instilled in the Plant Pisum stativum. L. PA Acad. Sci. Vol. 77. Abstract and Index Issue. Pope, Christopher R. and Jeffrey P. Thompson. 2007. Evidence Supporting a Glycosylated Model of Human Interleukin-13 Receptor Alpha 2. J. PA Acad. Sci. 80.79. Ream, Tiffani R., Kathleen Halligan and Ron Kaltreider. 2007. Sulfanilamide Derivatives Effectiveness on Growth Inhibition in E. coli and S. aureus. J. PA Acad. Sci. 80.68. Renfro, Katie Jo and Jessica Nolan. 2007. Feeding Preferences of Acartia tonsa Found off the Coast of Chincoteague Island, Virginia. J. PA Acad. Sci. 80.130. Shaw, Ryan C. and Carolyn F. Mathur. 2005. Resistance of Salmonella in Frozen Chicken Nuggets to Microwave Cooking. J.PA. Acad. Sci. 78: 133. Shultz, Matthew and Carolyn Mathur. 2005. Microbial DNA Extraction and Biomass Analysis of Saprolitic Soil from the Luquillo Experimental Forest in Puerto Rico. Presented with the first place award at the 2005 Environmental Chemistry Student Symposium at the Pennsylvania State University April 1-2, 2005. Thorpe, Jessica and Ronald C. Kaltreider. 2005. Inhibition of the Human Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase (HTERT) subunit of Telomerse by siRNA, J.PA Acad. Sci. 78:135. Trager, Jonathan and Jeffrey P. Thompson. 2005. The Mechanism of Suppression of Tumorigenicity in B16F10 Mouse Melanoma Cells by the Steroid Saponin Holothurin A, J.PA Acad. Sci. 78:135. Special Facilities The Biology Department laboratories are well equipped and reflect our emphasis on providing contemporary and diverse laboratory experiences for our majors. We have a large greenhouse and use our rural setting as a rich resource for field studies and research. Research opportunities and summer courses in Marine Biology are available at the field station in Wallops Island, Virginia, through our membership in the Marine Science Consortium. Courses Offered Non-Majors BIO100-Introduction to Allied-Health BIO106-Introduction to Body Structure and Function BIO110-General Biology BIO112-Fundamentals of Human Biology BIO120-Field Natural History BIO124-Introduction to Oceanography BIO206-Freshwater Ecology BIO208-Biology of Animals BIO210-Introduction to Marine Biology BIO212-Environmental Biology BIO216-Microbes: Unseen Life on Earth BIO220-Human Anatomy & Physiology I BIO222-Human Anatomy & Physiology II BIO230-Microbiology BIO232-Plant Taxonomy and Seasonal Flora Majors BIO150-Biology I BIO152-Biology II BIO200-Introduction to Scientific Research BIO240-Genetics BIO300-Ecology BIO302-Zoology BIO304-Botany BIO306-Animal Behavior BIO308-Animal Physiology BIO310-Plant Morphology/Embryology BIO312-Plant Systematics BIO324-Marine Ecology of the Chesapeake Bay BIO330-Biology of Micro-organisms BIO350-Biochemistry BIO354-Immunology BIO356-Reproduction and Development BIO358-Cell and Molecular Biology BIO370-Evolutionary Biology BIO400-Senior Thesis BIO402-Practical Biological Internship BIO406-Independent Study BIO408-Independent Study Independent Study Opportunities Pre-professional Experiences Qualified students interested in the health fields, such as medicine, have opportunities to participate in clinical or medical experiences at York Hospital, which is located close to the College. Working at the hospital, students may elect to take various Premedical Studies courses, including Advanced Human Anatomy, Clinical Shadowing Rotations, or Emergency Department Research. A separate brochure describing the pre-medical studies at York College of Pennsylvania is available. Laboratory Assistants Biology majors have the opportunity to work as paid lab assistants in the College labs. The students work closely with a faculty member and gain valuable hands-on experience learning a variety of biological procedures. Past students consider this a very worthwhile experience. Biology Faculty Deborah D. Ricker, Ph.D., Johns Hopkins University. Dr. Ricker is the chairperson of the department. She teaches General Biology, Biology I, Introduction to Scientific Research, Reproduction and Developmental Biology, and Senior Thesis. She studies reproductive biology, with an emphasis on male fertility and embryo development. Dr. Wendy Boehmler, Ph.D., Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine. Dr. Boehmler teaches Biology I and Senior Thesis. She is interested in using zebrafish as a genetic model to provide insight into dopamine neurotransmission and related neurological disorders such as schizophrenia and Parkinson's disease. Marilyn L. Daly, M.Ed., University of Southern Mississippi. Professor Daly teaches Human Anatomy and Physiology. Her research area is ornamental horticulture, and she has studied and lectured at Longwood Gardens. She has written articles for Better Homes and Gardens magazine and recently conducted horticultural research in South Africa. Ronald C. Kaltreider, Ph.D., Dartmouth College. Dr. Kaltreider teaches Biology I, Introduction to Scientific Research, Genetics, Cell and Molecular Biology, and Senior Thesis. His interests are in diabetes and cancer research with a particular focus on elucidating the molecular mechanism by which agents may potentiate or inhibit the carcinogenic process. Karl Kleiner, Ph.D., Pennsylvania State University. Dr. Kleiner teaches Ecology, Environmental Biology, Evolutionary Biology, Field Natural History, and Senior Thesis.. His research interests include plant-insect interactions, plant physiology, and forest ecology. Most recently, he has begun to investigate the migratory patterns of the Northern Saw Whet owl using comparative mitochondrial DNA analysis. Carolyn F. Mathur, Ph.D., Auburn University. Dr. Mathur teaches Microbiology, Biology of Microorganisms, Immunology, and Senior Thesis. In 2003 she received a Summer Research Fellowship from the American Chemical Society/American Petroleum Institute to conduct geomicro-biological research on the availability of organic reserves in rocks to microbial degradation. She is collaborating with researchers at Penn State to continue this research. Jessica K. Nolan, Ph.D., Scripps Institution of Oceanography. Dr. Nolan teaches Introduction to Oceanography, Marine Biology, Freshwater Ecology, Marine Ecology of the Chesapeake Bay and Senior Thesis. Her research areas include the role of phytoplankton in the oceanic carbon cycle, genetic and ecological diversity of picoeukaryotes in the coastal ocean, and the evolution of plankton lineages. Bradley G. Rehnberg, Ph.D., Oregon State University. Dr. Rehnberg teaches Fundamentals of Human Biology, Biology of Animals, Animal Physiology, Animal Behavior, Introduction to Scientific Research, Zoology, and Senior Thesis. His research areas include sensory physiology and behavioral thermoregulation. Bruce B. Smith, Ph.D., University of South Carolina. Dr. Smith teaches Biology II, Botany, Plant Taxonomy and Seasonal Flora, Plant Morphology/Embryology, and Senior Thesis. His research area is plant embryology, and he also studies wetlands ecology. Jeffrey Thompson, Ph.D., Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine. Dr. Thompson teaches General Biology, Biology I, Biochemistry, and Senior Thesis. His cancer therapy research is based on developing targeted delivery of cytotoxic compounds that "seek and destroy" cancer cells. Lab Coordinators Anthony Botyrius, M.S., Cornell University. Mr. Botyrius teaches Biology I, and Field Natural History. He also supervises secondary education biology student-teacher candidates. His research interest is plant ecology and development of innovative Biology laboratories. Elizabeth Hodgson, M.S., Clemson University. Ms. Hodgson teaches General Biology and Human Anatomy and Physiology. She serves as coordinator of the Nuclear Medicine Program. Barbara Taylor, M.S., Towson State University. Mrs. Taylor teaches Microbes: Unseen Life on Earth, and lab sections in Microbiology. Lab Instructional Support Asst. Sally Hoh, B.S., Gettysburg College. Ms. Hoh is responsible for the logistical and technical support of the teaching and research activities of the department. She serves as the Chemical Hygiene Officer and Chair of the Campus Safety Committee. She is also supervisor and coordinator of Biology student laboratory assistants. Alumni Record Examples of graduate or professional schools that our students have attended include: Auburn University Boston University School of Medicine Dartmouth College George Washington University Georgetown University Hood College Johns Hopkins University Ohio State University Penn State University Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine Tufts University University of Maryland University of Michigan University of Oklahoma University of Pennsylvania University of Pittsburgh University of South Carolina University of Texas at Austin West Virginia College of Osteopathic Medicine Some companies who have employed recent graduates: Becton-Dickinson Labs Bio Whittaker Bristol-Myers Squibb Cambrex Chesapeake Biological Laboratories Dentsply Energy Plus Group, Inc. Federal Bureau of Investigation General Physics Corporation Glaxo Hercon Laboratories International Medical News Group Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Kelly Scientific Resources Lancaster Labs Maryland Environmental Service McCormick Spice National Institutes of Health Novartis Pharmaceuticals Ortho-McNeill Pharmaceutical Inc. PA Department of Natural Resources PA Department of Environmental Protection Penn State/Hershey Medical Center Sanofi-Pasteur Southern Research Institute Springer Publishing (Medical Division) SSI Surgical Services	Apply Online Majors Financial Aid/Costs Visit Us Campus Map & Virtual Tours Schmidt Library Contact Directory YCP Facts at a Glance Bookstore News & Events Sports Information Message from the President

Academics

Biology